Which therapy focuses on changing negative thought patterns of clients?

• A. Cognitive therapy
• B. Affective therapy
• C. Person-centered therapy
• D. Reality therapy

Answer: (A)

Cognitive therapy is centered on identifying and altering negative thought patterns that can contribute to emotional distress and behavioral issues. This therapeutic approach operates on the premise that our thoughts influence our feelings and behaviors; therefore, by changing negative or distorted thinking, individuals can improve their emotional well-being and engage in more positive behaviors.

In cognitive therapy, clients are taught to recognize automatic thoughts—those spontaneous, underlying beliefs that drive negative emotions—and to challenge and reframe them into more balanced, healthy perspectives. The goal is to empower clients to take control of their thoughts, which can lead to improvements in mood and functioning.

The other therapies mentioned focus on different aspects of the therapeutic process. Affective therapy, for example, emphasizes emotional expression and understanding feelings, while person-centered therapy prioritizes the client's perspective and fosters a supportive therapeutic relationship. Reality therapy is more focused on helping clients make better choices and develop a sense of responsibility towards their actions. Each of these approaches may incorporate elements of cognitive restructuring but does not specifically target the alteration of negative thought patterns to the same degree as cognitive therapy does.